Current Management of Late Posttraumatic Enophthalmos | Journal CME Article-Journal CME Article: Current Management of Late Posttraumatic Enophthalmos Article

Journal CME Article: Current Management of Late Posttraumatic Enophthalmos Article

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This article, published by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons, focuses on the management of late posttraumatic enophthalmos, a condition where the eye is sunken relative to the surrounding bony orbit due to trauma. Clinically significant enophthalmos, marked by a more than 2 mm difference in eye projection between sides, can lead to functional issues such as double vision or strabismus. The article emphasizes distinguishing traumatic enophthalmos from other causes, like silent sinus syndrome.<br /><br />It reviews the history of enophthalmos, identifying trauma as the primary cause, with early descriptions attributing the condition to increased orbital volume. Advances in 3D imaging have facilitated better understanding and treatment, allowing for precise evaluation of orbital anatomy and volumetric changes.<br /><br />Surgical correction challenges include restoring orbital volume and symmetry, often via patient-specific implants or advanced navigation techniques during surgery. The use of materials like titanium mesh or high-density porous polyethylene is debated, with patient-specific implants increasingly preferred for accuracy.<br /><br />The article also highlights the potential complications of enophthalmos repair, including visual disturbances and implant-related issues, and underlines the importance of a thorough ophthalmologic examination and CT scanning for diagnosis and surgical planning. Overall, achieving aesthetic and functional improvements through thorough preoperative assessment, innovative surgical planning, and appropriate postoperative management is critical for late enophthalmos correction. The authors report no conflicts of interest or external funding for this work.

Keywords

posttraumatic enophthalmos

orbital volume

3D imaging

surgical correction

patient-specific implants

titanium mesh

silent sinus syndrome

ophthalmologic examination

CT scanning

aesthetic improvements